西藏阿里札达盆地早更新世早期沉积及其古气候与古环境变化          下载免费PDF全文

朱大岗孟宪刚  邵兆刚杨朝斌  韩建恩余 佳孟庆伟  吕荣平 《中国地质》2006,33(6):1276-1284

综合分析了西藏阿里札达盆地早更新世早期的多种与气候环境变化密切相关的地质记录，结果表明该区早更新世早期的沉积可划分为3种不同的沉积相和4个岩性段；古气候与古环境变化可划分为4个阶段：（1）2．68-2．45Ma。为冲洪积相沉积。冻融褶皱开始出现，植被以乔木为主，主要为松、藜、蒿，属山地寒温气候；（2）2．45-2．11Ma，为冲洪积相，地层中冻融褶皱多呈扭曲状，草本植物迅速上升，显示出灌木草原气候特征，气候变得凉爽干燥；（3）2．11-1．49Ma，沉积相为冲洪积相-冰缘沉积相，以冰缘沉积相为主，冻融褶皱层开始增多，出现了喜凉的介形类化石。草本植物数量和种类达到最大，灌木也相对增加，显示气候进一步趋于干旱；（4）1．49-1．36Ma，为冰湖沉积相。地层中普遍出现冻融褶皱，喜凉的介形类化石丰度很高，草本植物有小幅下降，但蕨类植物增加幅度较大，显示了干冷草原气候特征。气候干旱寒冷。  相似文献   

内蒙古白云鄂博南东黑脑包腮林忽洞群下部发现地震滑塌岩块   总被引：16，自引：7，他引：16  

吕洪波章雨旭  肖国望张绮玲 《地质论评》2006,52(2):163-169

笔者等在内蒙古白云鄂博铁铌稀土矿床东南约25km处的达尔罕茂明安联合旗黑脑包腮林忽洞群下部发现一个厚30余米、呈北西向延伸的滑塌岩块。滑塌岩块的岩性主要为薄层黄灰色微晶灰岩与青灰色泥质微晶灰岩互层，单层厚多为1～2cm。风化面上可见青灰色泥质灰岩层抗风化能力较强，呈突出状。青灰色薄层泥灰岩在宏观上即见大量层间破碎，几乎层层都被小的同生断裂错开，有的薄层被分割成叠瓦状的碎块，有的被邻层的泥质贯入而分割成一个个竹节状块体（即布丁构造）。同生小断裂和布丁构造为同沉积期的地震造成，因此，发育同沉积布丁构造的薄层微晶灰岩可以看作是典型的震积岩。整个岩块发生了强烈的褶皱变形，且变形强度自下而上逐渐变弱。岩层在下部强烈褶皱，向上规模和强度都逐渐变小，直到变为未变形的平直岩层，具有明显的不协调性。这种褶皱是岩块受地震影响而整体滑塌过程中的变形记录。震积岩和滑塌褶皱都揭示了盆地边界的拉张背景，同时指示盆地自南东向北西水体变深的地貌格局。这一发现表明，腮林忽洞群沉积的早期就已有地震事件发生，与已知的腮四组震积岩和腮五组微晶丘一起，表明腮林忽洞群沉积时期，本地先后至少有两个阶段处于不稳定的地震活跃阶段。腮林忽洞群可能相当于白云鄂博群的下部，后者中产著名的白云鄂博铁铌稀土矿床，成矿的同位素年龄值有2．1～0．4Ga多种不同的结果，但多位微体古生物学者均认为是震旦纪至奥陶纪，且在腮林忽洞群中还发现了三叶虫碎片，故作者等在本文取信腮林忽洞群为寒武纪～奥陶纪。在腮林忽洞群顶部产有厚近百米的微晶丘，与白云鄂博矿区的赋矿白云岩相当，可能均是热水沉积形成。所以，本文对于认识白云鄂博地区腮林忽洞群沉积时（寒武纪-奥陶纪？）的大地构造性质及白云鄂博矿床的成因具有重要意义。  相似文献   

浙西北地区反转构造初步研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

肖文交  李继亮 《地质科学》1998,33(2):158-165

通过浙西北地区金衢、乌马和杭嘉湖3个地震解译剖面及地表地质的综合分析,指出研究区在以T₂为主变形期的逆冲变形体制之前存在同方向的引张体制,并随后发生反转。通过计算反转比等综合分析,发现其总体反转程度自南东往北西方向逐渐变小,反映出反转后的褶皱冲断变形程度呈现自南东往北西方向变弱之趋势。  相似文献   

Inclusion-trail geometry of albite porphyroblasts in a fold structure in the Sambagawa Belt, central Shikoku, Japan     

Kazuaki Okamoto 《Island Arc》1998,7(1-2):283-294

The orientation of straight inclusion trails within albite porphyroblasts from basic schists has been measured around a north-closure fold, in the Besshi district of the Sambagawa Belt, central Shikoku, Japan. The porphyroblasts are aligned with their longest dimension parallel to both the subhorizontal, east–west-directed mineral lineation and to the fold axis. There is a systematic variation in inclusion-trail geometry between the upper (northern) and lower (southern) fold limbs. The shear sense deduced from quartz c-axis fabrics is top-to-the-west in the upper limb and top-to-the-east in the lower limb. Based on observed variations in porphyroblast inclusion trails, the structural history can be modelled as follows: (i) shear flow caused east–west stretching and folding of the metamorphic zonation; (ii) east–west ductile shear resulted in opposing senses of shear in the upper and lower limbs as the eclogite body situated in the core of the fold was extruded to the east.  相似文献   

QUATERNARY FOLDING OF THE XIHU ANTICLINE BELT ALONG FORELAND BASIN OF NORTH TIANSHAN          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Hao-ran  CHEN Jie  LI Tao  LI Yue-hua  ZHANG Bo-xuan 《地震地质》1979,42(4):791-805

Tianshan is one of the longest and most active intracontinental orogenic belts in the world. Due to the collision between Indian and Eurasian plates since Cenozoic, the Tianshan has been suffering from intense compression, shortening and uplifting. With the continuous extension of deformation to the foreland direction, a series of active reverse fault fold belts have been formed. The Xihu anticline is the fourth row of active fold reverse fault zone on the leading edge of the north Tianshan foreland basin. For the north Tianshan Mountains, predecessors have carried out a lot of research on the activity of the second and third rows of the active fold-reverse faults, and achieved fruitful results. But there is no systematic study on the Quaternary activities of the Xihu anticline zone. How is the structural belt distributed in space?What are the geometric and kinematic characteristics?What are the fold types and growth mechanism?How does the deformation amount and characteristics of anticline change?In view of these problems, we chose Xihu anticline as the research object. Through the analysis of surface geology, topography and geomorphology and the interpretation of seismic reflection profile across the anticline, we studied the geometry, kinematic characteristics, fold type and growth mechanism of the structural belt, and calculated the shortening, uplift and interlayer strain of the anticline by area depth strain analysis.
In this paper, by interpreting the five seismic reflection profiles across the anticline belt, and combining the characteristics of surface geology and geomorphology, we studied the types, growth mechanism, geometry and kinematics characteristics, and deformation amount of the fold. The deformation length of Xihu anticline is more than 47km from west to east, in which the hidden length is more than 14km. The maximum deformation width of the exposed area is 8.5km. The Xihu anticline is characterized by small surface deformation, simple structural style and symmetrical occurrence. The interpretation of seismic reflection profile shows that the deep structural style of the anticline is relatively complex. In addition to the continuous development of a series of secondary faults in the interior of Xihu anticline, an anticline with small deformation amplitude(Xihubei anticline)is continuously developed in the north of Xihu anticline. The terrain high point of Xihu anticline is located about 12km west of Kuitun River. The deformation amplitude decreases rapidly to the east and decreases slowly to the west, which is consistent with the interpretation results of seismic reflection profile and the calculation results of shortening. The Xihu anticline is a detachment fold with the growth type of limb rotation. The deformation of Xihu anticline is calculated by area depth strain analysis method. The shortening of five seismic reflection sections A, B, C, D and E is(650±70) m, (1 070±70) m, (780±50) m, (200±40) m and(130±30) m, respectively. The shortening amount is the largest near the seismic reflection profile B of the anticline, and decreases gradually along the strike to the east and west ends of the anticline, with a more rapidly decrease to the east, which indicates that the topographic high point is also a structural high point. The excess area caused by the inflow of external material or outflow of internal matter is between -0.34km² to 0.56km². The average shortening of the Xihubei anticline is between(60±10) m and(130±40) m, and the excess area caused by the inflow of external material is between 0.50km² and 0.74km². The initial locations of the growth strata at the east part is about 1.9~2.0km underground, and the initial location of the growth strata at the west part is about 3.7km underground. We can see the strata overlying the Xihu anticline at 3.3km under ground, the strata above are basically not deformed, indicating that this section of the anticline is no longer active.  相似文献   

Extensional fault and fold growth: Impact on accommodation evolution and sedimentary infill     

Christopher Sb Serck  Alvar Braathen 《Basin Research》2019,31(5):967-990

Extensional faults and folds exert a fundamental control on the location, thickness and partitioning of sedimentary deposits on rift basins. The connection between the mode of extensional fault reactivation, resulting fault shape and extensional fold growth is well‐established. The impact of folding on accommodation evolution and growth package architecture, however, has received little attention; particularly the role‐played by fault‐perpendicular (transverse) folding. We study a multiphase rift basin with km‐scale fault displacements using a large high‐quality 3D seismic data set from the Fingerdjupet Subbasin in the southwestern Barents Sea. We link growth package architecture to timing and mode of fault reactivation. Dip linkage of deep and shallow fault segments resulted in ramp‐flat‐ramp fault geometry, above which fault‐parallel fault‐bend folds developed. The folds limited the accommodation near their causal faults, leading to deposition within a fault‐bend synclinal growth basin further into the hangingwall. Continued fold growth led to truncation of strata near the crest of the fault‐bend anticline before shortcut faulting bypassed the ramp‐flat‐ramp structure and ended folding. Accommodation along the fault‐parallel axis is controlled by the transverse folds, the location and size of which depends on the degree of linkage in the fault network and the accumulated displacement on causal faults. We construct transverse fold trajectories by tracing transverse fold hinges through space and time to highlight the positions of maximum and minimum accommodation and potential sediment entry points to hangingwall growth basins. The length and shape of the constructed trajectories relate to the displacement on their parent faults, duration of fault activity, timing of transverse basin infill, fault linkage and strain localization. We emphasize that the considerable wavelength, amplitudes and potential periclinal geometry of extensional folds make them viable targets for CO₂ storage or hydrocarbon exploration in rift basins.  相似文献   

面元细分处理资料的分辨率定量评价     

徐辉  张军华 《物探化探计算技术》2010,32(1):59-63

以永新工区高精度采集的地震资料为例,对高精度勘探的面元细分方法及细分处理资料的分辨率进行了评价。首先给出了面元细分的方法及面元细分对地震资料分辨率的影响,介绍了现有的一些分辨率计算方法。对于纵向分辨率,主要从λ/4传统薄层分辨率和高截频二个方面进行了讨论;对于横向分辨率,从菲涅耳带半径、防空间假频、Lindsey分辨率定义、考虑偏移孔径的分辨率等四个方面进行了分析、比较。通过研究,得出了有一定借鉴意义的结论:①在现有常规检波器条件下,面元细分处理对地震资料的分辨率影响较小,其变化不大;②在单道记录信噪比已较高的情况下,想通过提高覆盖次数来提高资料的分辨率,其提升空间有限;③就横向分辨率而言,考虑偏移孔径的计算方法,结果比较准确;④对于东部地区,从性价比上考虑,覆盖次数150,200已能满足要求,太高的覆盖次数没有从本质上改进资料的质量。  相似文献   

Geological Evolution of Longhushan World Geopark in Relation to Global Tectonics     

Timothy M Kusky  叶明和  王军鹏  王璐 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2010,(1)

The South China fold belt has experienced a complex series of tectonic events that span 1.0 billion years of earth history. Longhushan (龙虎山) World Geopark is located on the Proterozoic suture between the Yangtze craton and Cathyasia block and highlights the long history of this belt. Collision of the Cathyasia and Yangtze cratons 1.0 billion years ago was associated with the formation of the Rodinian supercontinent where most of the planet's landmasses were amalgamated into one block. Jurassic through Early...  相似文献   

四川省巴塘县措普一带多金属成矿条件分析     

喻建荣 《四川地质学报》2010,30(3):278-279,311

义敦印支岛弧褶皱带地质构造演化复杂,岩浆活动十分活跃,成矿地质地球化学条件优越,金、银、铜、铅、锌、锡等金属矿产资源丰富。西南三江为有色、贵金属资源富集区,义敦为花岗岩型锡-银多金属矿集区。根据区域成矿环境及研究区成矿条件分析,找矿潜力巨大,有望取得找矿突破。  相似文献   

松潘—甘孜褶皱带较场弧形构造特征及其大地构造意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邓宾  刘树根  刘顺  李智武  司建涛  郭兵  田小兵 《地质论评》2010,56(1):31-42

根据详细野外露头特征及显微构造特征将较场弧形带由南向北分为三个变形带:弧顶部、弧核部和弧翼部,不同分带具有明显不同的变形特征。由南向北变形特征由以塑性变形为主过渡为脆性变形为主,变质流体活动喜马拉雅构造期活动强烈,且向北逐渐增强;弧核部以叠瓦状逆冲构造特征分隔弧顶和弧翼部;弧翼部东西两翼变形及变质流体活动特征具有一定差异性。较场弧形带总体体现出多期次南北向挤压—张性应力变形构造特征,叠加北西—北北西向同构造期挤压变质运动,其宏观和微观变形特征与典型"走滑成因"模式弧形构造特征相异,为其大地构造成因机制的解释提出了新的限制条件。  相似文献